PILE ECHO TESTING
Pile Echo Tests on foundation piles is the fastest and most immediate method for evaluating the integrity and length of piles. It is based on the measurement of a wave reflected inside the pile. The wave, generated manually by using a hammer, propagates inside the pile. Using the measurement sensor, it is possible, to analyse the spectrum of the reflected signal to determine its length and integrity.
WHAT YOU NEED
instrument
PET (Pile Echo Tester)
The Pulse-Echo (PEM) method is used to carry out quick quality checks with high productivity. The head of the pile is solicited by light hammering. The reflected wave is recorded and analysed using a digital accelerometer to provide information about the length and shape of the pile.
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CROSSHOLE TESTING ON PILES
The crosshole method is used for accurate, high-resolution checks of deep foundations. Used on large diameter piles, it requires the presence of 1 or more pipes embedded in the structure during its construction. The method uses an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver, which are moved along the entire length of the pile in order to obtain a 2D/3D tomographic profile.
WHAT YOU NEED
instrument
CHUM (Cross Hole Ultrasonic Monitor)
The crosshole method (CSL) is used for accurate, high-resolution checks of deep foundations. An ultrasonic wave is sent from a transmitter to a receiver, which are moved along the entire length of the pile inside pipes embedded inside during casting. The speed of the wave and its energy are strongly influenced by the quality of the concrete itself. Other methods supported by CHUM are the "Single Hole Ultrasonic Testing" (SHUT) and tomography (2D and 3D).
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PILE AND BOREHOLE INCLINATION TESTING
Through the use of a combined inclinometer+gyroscope sensor, simply lowered into an access hole (not necessarily an expensive inclinometer tube), all the information necessary for accurate determination of the inclination is obtained in real time.
WHAT YOU NEED
instrument
BIT (borehole inclination tester)
Operation for wells: once the borehole has been drilled at the required depth, the inclinometer is rigidly attached to the drill bit (bucket or auger) and the depth encoder hung from the rig. The auger is then lowered (without rotating) in the open borehole. The descent is stopped at a pre-set depth for inclination reading and the deviation is calculated in real time by integrating the inclination over depth.
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MONITORING ON-SITE VIBRATIONS
Construction site activities often generate vibrations that may affect buildings and historical monuments located nearby. All activities that may require the use of heavy vehicles and explosives, such as quarrying, the construction of large works such as tunnels and excavations, controlled demolition operations, etc. can cause disturbance and apprehension on the part of building occupants. This can also lead to the need to verify if the vibrations are such as to induce damage to the construction, especially in the presence of obvious architectural damage generated by other causes.
Standards such as DIN4150 and BS7385, cited as a reference in UNI 9916:2004, provide for the use of special instruments to monitor the phenomenon and identify the warning thresholds for these phenomena.
WHAT YOU NEED
instrument
MSG II
MSG II allows you to monitor ground vibrations and air over-pressure such as blasting operations, pile driving operations, construction equipment activity, environmental activity, ambient levels, and any other operation where a permanent record is needed (complies ISEE standard).
MSG II system includes a control and display unit, a triaxial geophone and a microphone for air over-pressure.
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